Viral replication is the process by which viruses produce new copies of themselves within host cells. This involves several steps, including attachment to the host cell, entry into the cell, release of viral genetic material, replication of the viral genome, assembly of new viral particles, and release of these particles to infect other cells. The replication of viruses can vary depending on the type of virus and the host cell. Some viruses replicate quickly and cause rapid, lytic infections, while others may establish latent infections and remain dormant within the host cell for extended periods. Understanding viral replication is important for developing antiviral medications and vaccines to combat viral infections. By targeting specific steps in the replication process, researchers can develop strategies to prevent viral spread and control outbreaks of infectious diseases.